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The oil market is going through the biggest negative demand
shock since the Great Recession of 2008-2009, with the spread of
the coronavirus in China having shut down significant
transportation and business activity. The country's oil demand is
estimated to have dropped 1.4 million b/d since last year over the
same period. China, the biggest driver of world's demand growth,
might face the risk of large oil inventory builds over the coming
months, unless OPEC+ take decisive decisions to cut their
production.
According to data by IHS Markit Commodities at Sea,
seaborne trade of crude oil doesn't seem to have felt the impact of
the coronavirus, with oil on water heading to China still looking
strong, close to 290 million barrels. Most of this cargo originates
from the Middle East, which had a market share of 35% throughout
January 2020. African exporters (primarily West African) and
suppliers across Central and South America followed, with market
shares of 24% and 18% respectively during last month. Concern
around China's reaction is clear in the market, but the impact is
not yet there. The market expects China's GPD growth to feel the
pressure, which as a result will not allow the country's demand for
oil to grow as fast as earlier anticipated. Officials of OPEC+ have
expressed their intention to act to prevent a surplus of oil if
China's appetite doesn't prove strong enough. OPEC+ experts are
meeting in Vienna to assess the demand situation.
With Wuhan, one of China's biggest inland transportation hubs,
having turned into a ghost town with more than 40 million people in
lock-down, local refineries are understood to be cutting throughput
by 10% to 20%. Nobody can be sure how they'd react this month, but
estimates suggest losses of volumes between 1.4 - 2.8 million
barrels a day in crude oil processing and crude demand for
February. All eyes are now on OPEC+'s anticipated decision to act,
with additional cuts of at least one million b/d required for the
oil price to be supported.
Focusing on the shipping market, activity remains close to
normal levels, with China's seaborne imports above eight million
b/d in January, but still lower than the volumes last seen in
November. Assuming the coronavirus outbreak does not accelerate
outside of China, there should not be huge panic. Meanwhile,
Libya's exports have dropped sharply during the last two weeks.
Since end of last week, the US also decided to lift sanctions on
Cosco Shipping Tanker (Dalian) Co, driving oversupply worries to
the shipping market. VLCC's now earn less than USD 16,000 per day
in TD3C, carrying crude from the Middle East Gulf to China.
Posted 06 February 2020 by Fotios Katsoulas, Liquid Bulk Principal Analyst, Maritime, Trade & Supply Chain, S&P Global Market Intelligence
